Body swelling during pregnancy: its causes and when to be concerned

Body swelling during pregnancy: its causes and when to be concerned

Body swelling during pregnancy is a common symptom experienced by a large percentage of pregnant women, especially in the second and third trimesters. This swelling occurs as a result of a range of normal physiological changes that accompany pregnancy.

What causes swelling during pregnancy?

During pregnancy, the volume of blood and fluids in a woman's body increases by up to 50% to support the growth of the fetus and placenta and to prepare the body for childbirth. This increase in fluids can lead to their accumulation in the tissues, causing what is known as edema, which often appears in the feet and ankles, and sometimes in the hands and face.

Hormonal changes also play a significant role. Progesterone causes the walls of blood vessels to relax, making it easier for fluids to leak into surrounding tissues. Additionally, an enlarged uterus compresses the veins in the pelvis, slowing the return of blood from the lower extremities to the heart and increasing swelling.

When is swelling normal?

it is often normal when:

- Appears gradually during pregnancy.

- Increases towards the end of the day or after prolonged standing.

- Improves with rest or elevating the feet.

- Primarily affects the feet and ankles.

When should you see a doctor?

Although swelling is often normal, some cases may indicate a medical problem such as preeclampsia. Therefore, you should see a doctor if the swelling is:

- Sudden and severe.

- Accompanied by significant swelling in the face and hands.

- Accompanied by severe headaches or blurred vision.

- Accompanied by high blood pressure.

Tips to reduce bloating during pregnancy:

- Avoid standing or sitting for long periods.

- Elevate your feet when sitting.

- Drink plenty of water.

- Reduce your intake of salty foods.

- Take light walks to improve blood circulation.

- Wear comfortable shoes and avoid tight ones.

Body swelling during pregnancy is a normal change in most cases, resulting from increased fluids and hormonal changes in the body. However, any sudden or severe swelling should be monitored, and a doctor should be consulted to rule out any complications.

Dr Najeeb Layyous  F.R.C.O.G

Consultant Obstetrician, Gynecologist and Infertility Specialist